History

          In May of 1945, Germany surrendered but the Pacific were against Japan continued. In an effort to convince the Japanese that resistance was futile, a fire bombing campaign by U.S. bombers was begun. This destroyed many Japanese cities. In July of 1945, England, China, and the U.S. called for Japan's surrender in the Potsdam Declaration, threatening them with further destruction, if they didn't comply. The Japanese ignored this, forcing the United States and its allies into desperate action.
           Scientists in the United States had been working for over a year on the Manhattan Project. This was the development of the atomic bomb. After the allies could not persuade the Japanese to surrender, it was decided to use the atomic bombs. The first bomb named Little Boy was dropped on Hiroshima. When the Japanese still refused to surrender, the second bomb named Fat Man was dropped  on Nagasaki. They killed over 166,000 in Hiroshima and over 80,000 in Nagasaki. Approximately half of the deaths happened on the day they were attacked. More than half of these deaths were from flash burns, about thirty percent were from falling debris, and ten percent were from other causes. Majority of the deaths were civilians; however, there were sizable military garrisons in each city. Six days later after United States dropped the second atomic the Japanese finally surrendered to the allies, signing the Instrument of Surrender, that officially ended the war.